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find_if
Searches for the first element that matches a criterion
Definition
The find_if() algorithm is defined in the standard header <algorithm> and in the nonstandard backward-compatibility header <algo.h>.Interface
#include <algorithm> template < class InputIterator, class Predicate> InputIterator find_if( InputIterator first, InputIterator last, Predicate pred );Parameters:
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| first | An input iterator addressing the position of the first element in the range to be searched |
| last | An input iterator addressing the position one past the final element in the range to be searched |
| pred | User-defined predicate function object that defines the condition to be satisfied by the element being searched for. A predicate takes single argument and returns true or false |
Description
The find_if() algorithm searches the range[first, last) for a value that satisfies the unary predicate pred. Return Value
Returns an iterator pointing to the first value from the given range that satisfiespred, or last if no such value is found.Complexity
Complexity is linear, at most, performs as many applications ofpred as the number of elements in the range [first,last).Example:
Example - find_if algorithm
Problem
This program determines if an integer is divisible by 3. Returns true if n is divisible by 3, and otherwise false.
Workings
#include <iostream> #include <algorithm> #include <vector> using namespace std; bool isDivisibleByThree ( int n //in ) { return (n%3 == 0); } int main() { int a[] = {1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 12, 9, 8, 3, 6}; vector<int> v(a, a+10); cout <<"\nHere are the contents of v:\n"; for (vector<int>::size_type i=0; i<v.size(); i++) cout <<v.at(i)<<" "; vector<int>::iterator p; p = find_if(v.begin(), v.end(), isDivisibleByThree); if (p == v.end()) cout <<"\nThere are no values divisible by 3.\n"; else cout <<"\nThe first value in the sequence divisible by 3 is " <<*p<<",\nwhich was found at location " <<(int)(p-v.begin()+1)<<".\n"; return 0; }
Solution
Output:
Here are the contents of v:
1 2 4 5 7 12 9 8 3 6 The first value in the sequence divisible by 3 is 12,
which was found at location 6.
1 2 4 5 7 12 9 8 3 6 The first value in the sequence divisible by 3 is 12,
which was found at location 6.
References
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